Nerves are the "electrical wiring" system of the body that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body.
Nerves are the "electrical wiring" system of the body that carries messages between the brain and the rest of the body. There are two types of nerves- motor and sensory nerves. Motor nerves carry messages between the brain and muscles to make the body move. Sensory nerves carry messages between the brain and different parts of the body to signal pain, touchand temperature.
The nerves can malfunction if compressed, stretchedor injured.
When the nerve is compressed or stretched, outer cover of the nerve remains intact, but the ability of the nerve to send and receive signals from various parts of the body is compromised.If this compression is unrelieved, it can cause permanent damage to the nerve.
When the nerve is cut or injured, fascicles within the nerve and its outer cover both are damaged with partial or complete loss of motor power and sensory input from the area of the distribution of nerve. If the nerve is not repaired, the growing nerve fibers may form a painful nerve scar, or neuroma at the cut ends.
Think of nerve as an electric wire And injury to nerve as a cut electric wire.The cut ends of the electric wire should be brought and glued together so that the electricity can travel through the wire uninterrupted and reach its destination like fan, tube light. Similarly, cut ends of the nerve should be brought together surgically and sutured under microscope with very fine sutures so that signals from the brain can reach to different parts of the body.
But there is a big difference!!! There is immediate flow of electricity through the repaired wire in contrast to the nerve repair which takes a much longer time. Nerve fibers typically begin to regrow about three or four weeks after surgery.The nerve grows at a constant speed of one inch per month after it is repaired. So, the results of nerve repair can take months to a year to appear. During the process of recovery, feeling of pins and needles in area of distribution of the nerve is common. While this can be uncomfortable, it usually passes and is a sign of recovering nerve.
Timing of Nerve Repair
After nerve repair, new fibers grow beneath the covering layer until it reaches a muscle or sensory receptor.The nerve fibers should reach the target muscle within 18 months of the injury otherwise the muscle receptor degenerates. For this reason, repair should be done as early as possible after injury to allow maximum time periodfor growth of the nerve.
The sensory receptor does not degenerate, therefore, sensory nerve repair can be done anytime or years after the injury also.
Management of Nerve Injury
Nerve repair with realignment of bundles.
There are three main nerves in the arm: the median, the ulnar and the radial. Median nerve is one of the major nerves of forearm and hand. It originates from brachial plexus in the arm pit. This nerve provides sensation to the thumb, index, and middle fingers, and to half of the ring finger. The small finger (the "pinky") is typically not affected. This nerve is also responsible for the major movements of the thumb.
If median nerve is injured or cut, muscles of hand (base of thumb) atrophy.
Such condition is usually seen in injuries of the median nerve or in patients with leprosy or in long standing compression of the median nerve.
Treatment of Median Nerve Injuries
During tendon transfers for median nerve palsy, one functioning tendon from the front of the hand is taken, re-routed and sutured to the tendon of the outer aspect of the thumb so that the patient can abduct (bring out thumb) and also make a meaningful pinch with the other fingers. This would enable him or her to hold objects with the thumb and fingers (OPPONENSPLASTY)
The surgery is usually done under brachial block or general anaesthesia and a splint or slab is given for immobilization in the post operative period. The patient is usually discharged second day after the surgery. Sutures are removed 14 days after surgery.
Splint is removed 3 to 4 weeks after the surgery and gradual training of the transferred tendon is started so that it may regain its newly assigned function.
The radial nerve is one of three nerves in your forearm, traveling from the side of your neck, down the back of your arm, through your forearm and into your hand. Your radial nerve is responsible for a lot of different arm movements, including forearm rotation, elbow straightening, and wrist and finger movements. It also supplies sensationto half of the back of the hand on side of the thumb.
If the patient has radial nerve injury, then it can lead to radial nerve palsy with-
Such condition of wrist drop and finger, thumb drop (inability to extend the wrist, thumb and fingers) is usually seen in injuries of the radial nerve after accidents or fractures of humerus (bone of the arm) orin long standing compression of the radial nerves due to tumors or other reasons.
Treatment of Radial Nerve Injuries
During tendon transfers for radial nerve palsy, 3 functioning tendons from the front of the forearm and hand are taken, re-routed and sutured to the tendons of the back of the forearm and hand so that the patient can extend his wrist, fingers and thumb. The surgery is usually done under brachial block or general anaesthesia and a splint or slab is given for immobilization in the post operative period. The patient is usually discharged second day after the surgery. Sutures are removed 14 days after surgery.
Splint is removed 3 to 4 weeks after the surgery and gradual training of the transferred muscles or tendons is started so that they regain their newly assigned function.
The ulnar nerve goes from neck down to your arm, forearm and to your hand. Ulnar nerve provides sensation to the small finger and half of the ring finger and control fine movements of the fingers. This is a very important nerve of the hand as it is responsible for hand grip strength and stability.
If the patient has ulnar nerve injury
Such condition is usually seen in injuries of the ulnar nerve or in patients with leprosy or with long standing compression of the ulnar nerve.
Treatment of Ulnar nerve Injures
During tendon transfers for ulnar nerve palsy, 2 functioning tendons from the front of the forearm and hand are taken, re-routed and sutured to the tendons of the side of the fingers so that the patient can extend his or her fingers at their finger joints. This tendon transfer also enables a meaningful side pinch of the thumb.
The surgery is usually done under brachial block or general anaesthesia and a splint or slab is given for immobilization in the post operative period. The patient is usually discharged second day after the surgery. Sutures are removed 14 days after surgery.
Splint is removed 3 to 4 weeks after the surgery and gradual training of the transferred muscles or tendons is started so that they regain their newly assigned function.
Digital nerves are nerves of the fingers that travel from the palm to the tips of the fingers and thumb. Each finger and thumb has 2 digital nerves running on the sides of the finger. They are responsible to provide sensation of pain, touch, temperature and pressure of their respective sides of the finger.
They can be commonly damaged by accidental injuries and less commonly by pressure or stretching. Injury to digital nerve stops the transmission of signals to and from the brain resulting in loss of sensation in the fingers.
Digital nerve injuries can be partial or complete. Repair is routinely recommended for complete injuries (completely cut nerve fibers). Injuries that only bruise the nerve or are partial, typically heal on their own in few weeks.
Because it is sometimes difficult to determine the extent of the injury, it's important to consult a qualified hand surgeon for assessment and treatment. Nerve repair after digital nerve injuries is important. If repair is not done, the sensory loss can leave the finger more prone to injuries and burns.
Treatment of Digital nerve Injuries
Since the sensory receptor does not degenerate, therefore, sensory nerve repair can be done anytime or years after the injury also. Digital nerve repair is a microsurgical procedure to reconnect the severed ends of a digital nerve in the finger or hand under the microscope. In few cases where end to end repair is not possible, a suitable nerve graft is harvested from the back of the wrist or from the leg and nerve is repaired with nerve grafting.
Nerve fibers typically begin to regrow about three or four weeks after surgery. During this time, patients must wear a splint to prevent the repaired nerve from stretching apart. Patients usually feel pins and needles in the fingertips, which is a sign that the nerve is healing. Nerve growth is gradual, and it can take as long as few months before sensation returns to the fingertips.
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If you have flat or small breast and you want to improve your breast and hip contour ratio then you are a good candidate for it. The answer will be best provided after the first consultation with Dr Amit Agarwal.
Acute pain will be there for almost a week which gradually reduces and there will be soreness and swelling which may take up to 3 weeks to subside.
You can join your work and daily routines after a week of the procedure and can start exercising after 3 weeks of it.
Yes, you have to wear it round the clock unless we suggest you to remove it.
This surgery does not affect the ducts or the areas of the breast involved in milk production. Thus, it does not affect the breast feeding.
This surgery does not affect the ducts or the areas of the breast involved in milk production. Thus, it does not affect the breast feeding.
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